site.btaMedia Review: January 24

THE HEADLINES

The release of the Galaxy Leader crew dominated media coverage, highlighting Bulgaria’s diplomatic efforts to secure the safe return of Captain Lyubomir Chanev and First Officer Danail Veselinov after 430 days in captivity.

POLITICS

Trud, 24 Chasa, Telegraph and Dnevnik report that GERB-UDF leader Boyko Borissov stepped down as chair of the parliamentary Foreign Policy committee just a day after being elected to the position. GERB-UDF's parliamentary group has nominated Yordanka Fandakova to replace him. Borissov plans a national tour to meet with mayors and supporters.

Borissov criticized GERB-UDF's concessions to Democratic Bulgaria (DB), saying, "It is high time GERB-UDF stops agreeing with DB, as even the Supreme Judicial Council is being blocked due to this." He noted GERB-UDF accepted DB's proposals during 15 days of negotiations.

He also commented that factions like Continue the Change - Democratic Bulgaria (CC-DB), Movement for Rights and Freedoms (MRF)-New Beginning, and Vazrazhdane have become "fierce opposition," despite GERB-UDF's electoral victories. Borissov warned them not to "cross the line" and described their "calf-like enthusiasm" for criticizing the government.

The government's main goal, Borissov emphasized, is to halt the "freefall of the State." He added, "We placed the country above party interests."

***

24 Chasa and Dnevnik report that three regional governors resigned following a call by MRF-New Beginning leader Delyan Peevski, who called the cabinet "shameful." Peevski urged affiliated governors to step down, stating, "When I become prime minister, I will reinstate them." The governors of Haskovo, Shumen, and Targovishte complied. Mehmed Ataman remarked, "A state post is not everything; I will continue to work for the party’s cause."

Ahmed Dogan's MRF-DRF expressed interest in the vacancies, with MP Tanev Ali saying the Joint Governance Council will decide appointments.

***

Dnevnik reports that GERB and Continue the Change - Democratic Bulgaria (CC-DB) may collaborate on Supreme Judicial Council (SJC) reforms requiring a 160-vote supermajority. GERB leader Boyko Borissov said, "They slammed the door shut with a kick, but fortunately, it’s from the outside." Despite past tensions, CC-DB leader Nikolay Denkov said, "We will engage in the process when important decisions require 160 votes."

***

Trud writes that the cabinet led by Rosen Zhelyazkov begins its term with a positive trust balance of 39% support against 29% disapproval, according to an Alpha Research survey conducted between January 15 and 20. This marks the strongest start for a regular government since early 2022. Public opinion about Zhelyazkov is polarized, with 29% approval and 26% disapproval.

The survey shows GERB-UDF would win elections with 26% support, followed by CC-DB (13.4%), Vazrazhdane (13.1%), and MRF-New Beginning (10.8%).

***

Dnevnik reports that the governing coalition proposed that CC-DB oversee the parliamentary Committee on e-Government. According to sources cited by the outlet, the role was offered to Bozhidar Bozhanov but declined after internal discussion, citing it as a principled decision. MP Sevim Ali from Ahmed Dogan's MRF-DRF tells BNT that CC-DB was also offered the Committee on Demographic but turned it down as well.

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Dnevnik republishes an analysis by Deutsche Welle examining the governance structure of the Zhelyazkov cabinet, which the report describes as being overshadowed by GERB leader Boyko Borissov and MRF-New Beginning leader Delyan Peevski. The article critiques the Joint Governance Council (JGC) as a "semi-visible" entity centralizing power, where all major decisions must be pre-approved. According to the analysis, this undermines the transparency and accountability of the government, with the prime minister reduced to a symbolic role.

The article highlights that while the JGC minimizes public conflict among coalition partners, it risks backlash due to perceptions of undemocratic control and the lack of institutional checks and balances. "This governance approach may smooth over internal disputes but raises concerns about concentrating authority within a shadow body," the report suggests.

The analysis also points to the possibility of cracks forming in the coalition, as smaller parties may challenge the concentration of power, particularly during appointments to regulatory and judicial bodies like the Supreme Judicial Council (SJC).

***

BNR reported that political analyst Ivo Maev predicted the current government might last until the next presidential elections but emphasized its reliance on both domestic and global factors. Maev noted, "The government is currently stable but must maintain balance across economic, social, and political spheres."

He also said that MRF-DRF now faces existential threats. On Delyan Peevski’s MRF-New Beginning, Maev suggested that Peevski aims to position himself as the leading opposition force, particularly if the parliamentary majority destabilizes. "The only scenario where Peevski’s unyielding course continues is if this coalition weakens and transitions to a minority government," Maev said. He also commented on Dogan’s faction's expectation to influence appointments for deputy ministers and regional governors in the Zhelyazkov cabinet, stating, "For Dogan’s MRF-DRF, survival as a party is more important than holding power."

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

Trud, 24 Chasa, Telegraph,  Dnevnik, bTV, Nova TV, Bulgarian National Television (BNT) and Bulgarian National Radio (BNR) highlight the return of Bulgarian sailors Lyubomir Chanev and Danail Veselinov, who were held captive by Yemen’s Houthis for 430 days. MEP Elena Yoncheva said that the sailors are in good condition but visibly exhausted. Yoncheva praised the efforts of Bulgarian institutions, emphasizing that Bulgaria will never abandon its citizens in distress, regardless of where they are.

The sailors’ release came as part of broader talks connected to the Israel-Hamas truce. Foreign Minister Georg Georgiev described the operation as a demonstration of institutional unity and determination.

***

Capital publishes an opinion piece on reactions of Bulgarian politicians from across the spectrum, expressing sudden enthusiasm for the new US President Donald Trump, highlighting a shift from prior anti-US sentiment by some of the political parties. Politicians like Vazrazhdane's Kostadin Kostadinov and MRF-New Beginning's Delyan Peevski deliver grandiose statements of optimism. Kostadinov emphasizes hopes for "normalizing international relations," while Peevski proclaims Trump’s presidency marks a "new beginning" for Bulgaria, promising liberation from "oligarchic influences." CC-DB co-leader Kiril Petkov also draws attention for attending Trump’s inauguration, sparking criticism from GERB MPs, who mock his publicized participation. The analysis critiques this performative shift, comparing it to a "prom fever," uniting the political elite in ostentatious declarations of loyalty to the US.

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Capital reports that Bulgaria is poised to deepen its defence ties with the United States under the re-elected Trump administration. Analysts predict a continuation of high-value military procurement deals similar to the F-16 fighter jet acquisitions, which were instrumental in securing Bulgaria’s alignment with the US. Upcoming potential purchases include HIMARS missile systems, 3D radars, and additional Stryker armoured vehicles. Former Defence Minister Dimitar Stoyanov notes, “Acquiring HIMARS could take up to eight years from order to delivery.”

The report highlights the strategic importance of these deals amidst Trump’s push for NATO allies to allocate 5% of GDP to defence—a goal seen as economically unfeasible for many European nations. Bulgaria’s renewed emphasis on "strategic partnerships" may bypass competitive procedures, favouring direct agreements with US companies like Lockheed Martin. This has sparked concerns over cost efficiency and transparency, especially given that competitors like Elbit Systems and Hanwha Aerospace offer faster and cheaper alternatives.

Capital also explores the geopolitical implications of these deals, noting that Bulgaria’s decisions may impact its NATO commitments and relations with key allies. With Bulgaria’s defence infrastructure still underdeveloped, the report emphasizes the long-term challenges of balancing strategic ambitions with fiscal realities.

LAW ENFORCEMENT

24 Chasa writes that the Supreme Judicial Council (SJC) terminated the procedure for electing a prosecutor general during its first meeting convened by Justice Minister Georgi Georgiev. The decision follows amendments to the Judicial System Act that came into effect the previous day. Georgiev clarified, "When a procedure is halted, it can continue. Now this procedure is terminated, and with that, it will disappear into the past." 

Georgiev added: "Strong states have effective judicial systems. These institutions must work not ad hoc or based on personalities but in a way that ensures the rights and interests of citizens and legal entities."

***

Telegraph reports on long-standing fuel theft in Bulgaria’s railway system, which jeopardizes not only finances but also safety. Employees siphon off diesel fuel from locomotives, reportedly taking up to 100 litres per shift by skimming fuel consumption during manoeuvres. "Every locomotive has an official fuel consumption standard. To steal fuel, you must first save fuel," explains an insider.

The problem is compounded by safety violations, such as bypassing critical railway manoeuvres to conserve fuel. These shortcuts were reportedly a contributing factor in recent train accidents, such as the fatal crash near Lokorsko. Employees describe using water bottles to secretly transport stolen diesel to avoid detection. The stolen fuel is then sold at half the price of petrol station rates, often during discreet handovers near railway tracks.

Railway authorities claim that GPS and fuel monitoring systems have reduced theft, with only six cases reported in 2024. However, insiders argue the issue persists due to poor wages and working conditions. One employee remarks, "A train driver works for the opportunity to siphon fuel; otherwise, the job isn’t worth it."

***

Capital highlights a report revealing that members of the Supreme Judicial Council (SJC) received an average monthly compensation of BGN 21,000 in 2024, including bonuses and salaries. Data published by the BOEC civic movement shows that over BGN 4.2 million was distributed among SJC members in a year, described as a “shameful record.” Critics argue that these figures highlight systemic issues in the judiciary and public administration, including inflated budgets and unchecked spending.

The Institute for Market Economics notes that Bulgaria’s judicial budget has doubled in five years, reaching BGN 1.2 billion, with personnel costs accounting for most expenditures. Judicial salaries are among the highest in the EU relative to average national wages yet concerns about accountability and efficiency persist. “Behind the mask of judicial independence lies irresponsible spending and bloated staffing,” says economist Ivan Bregov.

Despite high salaries theoretically ensuring independence, human rights advocate Yonko Grozev argues that in Bulgaria, they often institutionalize corruption. “Instead of fostering responsibility, high compensation enables patronage and compliance with political influence,” Grozev says.

***

bTV reports that the Bulgarian Parliament debated lifting the immunities of MPs Dzheyhan Ibryamov and Mario Rangelov from MRF-DRF. Acting Prosecutor General Borislav Sarafov requested the removal of their immunities, along with that of Lena Borislavova from CC-DB.

National Assembly Chair Nataliya Kiselova submitted draft resolutions to revoke the immunities. Borislavova is under investigation for forgery, while Rangelov faces allegations of vote-buying, and Ibryamov is accused of influence peddling and bribery.

ECONOMY

Dnevnik reports that the European Commission (EC) doubts Bulgaria’s ability to draft a budget with a 3% deficit for 2025. Former GERB finance minister Vladislav Goranov says that he learned of this during discussions with EC representatives. Goranov supports the cabinet’s decision not to request a convergence report for euro adoption, as Bulgaria does not currently meet the requirements. However, he notes that Bulgaria could request the report if a 3% deficit is included in the next budget, though he doubts this is feasible due to the large deficit predicted by Finance Minister Temenuzhka Petkova. Petkova expects a deficit of over BGN 3.63 billion in the first quarter of the year, which may necessitate tapping into the fiscal reserve.

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BNR reported that Finance Minister Temenuzhka Petkova addressed concerns about Bulgaria’s eurozone membership, denying claims that the government abandoned plans for entry in 2026. Petkova said, “This is categorically untrue, and I want to stop these insinuations.” She explained that Bulgaria’s main challenge is meeting the price stability criterion, which will be assessed during a Eurogroup review in February. Following this, Bulgaria will decide whether to submit a convergence report.

Petkova highlighted concerns over the budget deficit, noting European institutions are watching closely to see if Bulgaria can propose a budget with a deficit under 3% of GDP. She emphasized the importance of stability, stating, “We will make the attempt when we are ready and when Bulgaria meets the criteria.” Petkova added that the existence of a regular government increases Bulgaria’s chances of joining the eurozone, as it signals political and economic stability.

***

24 Chasa writes that MEP Tsvetelina Penkova highlights Bulgaria’s strategic role in Europe’s industrial and energy future. In an interview for BNT, Penkova emphasizes Bulgaria’s critical raw materials like lead, zinc, and copper, as well as its balanced energy mix of nuclear power, renewables, and coal capacities. "Bulgaria has exceptional potential to attract strategic investments and develop innovative industries," Penkova says. She stresses the country’s role in ensuring EU energy security, citing its strategic position and advanced gas infrastructure. "Bulgaria can become a transit energy hub, connecting Europe with resources from Azerbaijan, Turkiye, and Greece," she adds. Penkova also underscores Bulgaria’s capacity to meet EU sustainability standards, asserting, "We have the resources and potential to develop zero-net-emission industries." She calls on state institutions to transform these opportunities into tangible results, stating, "Now is the time to use our strengths to establish Bulgaria as a leading player in Europe’s energy and industrial landscape."

***

Nova TV and Bulgarian National Television (BNT) reported that Ivaylo Mirchev, a CC-DB MP accused GERB of sabotaging Bulgaria's efforts to join the eurozone since 2009. Mirchev said, "Bulgaria should have entered the eurozone in 2009, but GERB has continuously blocked this process." He criticized GERB and the finance minister’s explanations as "irrelevant" and argued that Bulgaria meets the criteria for eurozone entry, despite being 0.1% shy of the required inflation rate.

Mirchev warned that failure to submit a convergence report and adopt the 2025 budget promptly could delay eurozone membership until 2030. He concluded by alleging that GERB’s political actions lack sincerity, stating, "This is likely influenced by external factors."

***

Nova TV, bTV and BNT also reported on the response by Borissov. He announced plans to request a convergence report for eurozone entry in February, calling it a "strategic and political decision essential for Bulgaria." 
BNT reported on a quote from Borissov, who said: "Bulgaria will join the Eurozone. We will request a convergence report as early as February. We will do everything possible despite the fake budget and false figures published by [CC-DB MP] Asen Vassilev."

Responding to accusations of sabotage from CC-DB MPs Ivaylo Mirchev and Martin Dimitrov, Borissov emphasized GERB’s role in advancing Bulgaria’s integration into the European Banking Union and the eurozone’s waiting room. "The party that placed Bulgaria in the European Banking Union is GERB," Borissov said.

He criticized CC-DB for their past protests against eurozone integration and suggested they were now aligned with controversial political figures like MRF-New Beginning leader Delyan Peevski and Vazrazhdane leader Kostadin Kostadinov. Borissov dismissed their criticisms as "manipulations and lies driven by desperation over the public's approval of the cabinet."

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Trud, 24 Chasa, and Telegraph also report that the base salary for the lowest-ranking positions in the Bulgarian Army has been raised to BGN 2,296. Defence Minister Atanas Zapryanov signed the order, which also applies to civilian employees under employment agreements in the Ministry of Defence and its directly subordinate structures. This adjustment reflects a 30% increase in salaries, calculated annually based on the country’s average wage for the second quarter of the previous year. The salary hike will take effect with January's payroll.

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Duma writes that Environment Minister Manol Genov proposes forming an interdepartmental working group to implement the "Improvement of Navigation Conditions in the Bulgarian-Romanian Section of the Danube River" project, known as Fast Danube. Genov suggests involving experts from the Ministry of Regional Development, the Ministry of Transport and Communications, and the Ministry of Environment and Water. Discussions on the project will extend to the prime minister and foreign minister to ensure necessary resources are secured for activities on the Bulgarian riverbank. Genov emphasizes the importance of close coordination with the Romanian government to expedite environmental impact assessment processes for critical projects, including Units 7 and 8 of the Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant. He stresses that this project is vital for Bulgaria’s energy sector.

***

Capital reports on irregularities in public procurement at State hospitals, where contracts are often awarded to pre-selected winners at inflated prices. A 2022 analysis by the Bulgarian Institute for Legal Initiatives identifies recurring issues, including specifications tailored to a single supplier and the exclusion of competitors. Despite these practices, no hospital directors have been sanctioned, as many appointments are politically influenced.

One example highlights St. Anna Hospital in Varna, which ordered a new CT scanner for BGN 964,000 under the condition that funding would later be secured from the Ministry of Health. Critics note a lack of justification for the purchase, as existing equipment remains underutilized due to staff shortages. Another case involves St. Ivan Rilski Hospital in Sofia, which ordered BGN 360 million worth of cancer drugs—four times its annual spending on such treatments.

The report stresses that procurement policies lack oversight, leading to questionable spending on overpriced equipment, some of which remains unused. "Directors often prioritize aligning with political interests over optimizing hospital operations," the analysis concludes.

SOCIETY

Dnevnik publishes the position of the Bulgarian Liberal Democracy Community (BOLD), which criticizes the Zhelyazkov cabinet for including only one female minister. BOLD describes this as a "historical regression in gender equality" and highlights that Bulgaria now shares second place in the EU for the lowest female representation in government, behind Hungary, which has an all-male cabinet. BOLD says, "This demonstrates how deeply rooted systemic inequalities are in Bulgarian society." They call for policies addressing gender imbalances in governance to ensure a fair and democratic society.